Bloating: What causes it and when to see a doctor
What is bloating?
Bloating is a common digestive complaint that can affect people of all ages. It is characterised by a feeling of fullness or distension in the abdomen, which can be accompanied by pain, discomfort and flatulence.
Causes of bloating
There are many different causes of bloating, including:
- Eating certain foods, such as gas-producing foods (e.g. beans, lentils, cabbage) or foods that are difficult to digest (e.g. fatty or spicy foods)
- Swallowing air, which can occur when you eat or drink too quickly, chew gum, or smoke
- Constipation, which can lead to a build-up of gas and stool in the intestines
- Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a common functional bowel disorder that can cause bloating, pain, diarrhoea and constipation
- Other medical conditions, such as lactose intolerance, coeliac disease and Crohn's disease
When to see a doctor
Most cases of bloating are not serious and will resolve on their own within a few days. However, it is important to see a doctor if you experience any of the following symptoms:
- Sudden, severe stomach pain
- Bloating that is accompanied by fever, chills, nausea or vomiting
- Bloating that persists for more than a few days
- Bloating that is accompanied by other symptoms, such as weight loss, fatigue or changes in bowel habits
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